Public Policy Implementation Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public Policy Implementation Theory - Essay Example Hill and Hupe stated that oftentimes, the informational bases are basically incomplete, and these cannot be totally identified and revealed ex ante. The main sources of this plurality are to be found in the combination of the agents' practices and of the beneficiaries' individual situations which goes against the top-down rules that major institutions strike to impose. In effect, the assessment aspect to be done by local actors cannot be specified prior to the action on the basis of predefined categories. Hence, it is inherently important to take into consideration the black box of implementation, where indigenous informational bases emerge, either as routine actions in order to support the outer informational bases of judgement in justice, or so as to change the sense of action (Hill and Hupe 2002). The studies of policy implementation are done by those who have an interest either in political science, or in public administration and public policy. This assertion stems from the fact that a core understanding of implementation as an inherent portion of the public policy process must gather and connect theories from these fields of knowledge. The Hill and Hupe reference material basically summarizes the implementation research and link it to som... There is an enormous and diverse research literature on public policy implementation research. However, the major problem is the process of extracting knowledge from the available information that is already documented. Given the phenomenal growth in the implementation research literature, the need for knowledge extraction is acute. The procedures and techniques have been developed for the past 25 years. The time to initiate efforts toward synthesizing the policy implementation literature is now.Another area of concern in public policy is the translation of a new policy into local behavior. This is also a major concern for the implementation literature, which tackles change from an administrative perspective. The concept of an implementation deficit implies that the introduction of a new policy also signals the start of a complicated process of effecting genuine change in behaviour (Hargrove, 1985). The key questions posed there are: why is successful implementation difficult to achi eve How are unique changes in behavioural patterns attained after the introduction of a new policyIn related studies, the national government has been seen as the policy formulator and local governments the implementers (Li, 2005). Hence, change failed to take place either because there is a dearth of good ideas from the national government (due to incapable policymakers, evolving power struggles among politicians and party members), or because the ideas are not implemented to the lower levels of the state hierarchy. Policy implementation had failed because local agents pursue their personal goals and self-interests and monitoring from the national leaders had failed. The Hill and Hupe argument

Porters Five Forces Study of Starbucks

Porters Five Forces Study of Starbucks Executive Summary: Given case study maps the situation of the company in 2009. In this assignment we will date back to a timeline of about 25 years and see how Starbucks developed their business. We will also see the strategies applied and the present situation of the company with the application of Porters five competitive forces. Finally we will have a look at the future recommendations to reap a profit from the business Part: 1 Starbucks Coffee Company Founded in year 1971 First headquarter in Seattle USA Business in 37 countries Expansion started 1982 with Howard Schultz joined Starbucks has evolved from being a $.50 million business to a business that worth $6.4 billion Howard Schultz is the Chairman, President Chief executive officer History: 1971: Pike Place Market in Seattle was the first place where Starbucks store was settled 1982: Howard Schultz joined the company as marketing and retailing head 1985: Espresso bar concept 1987: Schultz purchased Starbucks and merged his business Giornale Coffee House with Starbucks 1987: Expands Business in the American market by starting outlets in British Columbia and Chicago 1992: With a business comprising of 165 outlets, Starbucks gets listed with its first public stock offering. 1996: Expands business to Japan, Tokyo was the first place. 2003: Starbucks expansion continues at a robust rate and it translates into a company with 6400 outlets worldwide. 2008: Global economic meltdown resulted loss in profitability, Starbucks decided to shuts down 600 outlets across the world and also exits the Australian market. Howard Schultz Chairman, President Chief executive officer VISION, OBJECTIVES AND MISSION Vision Statement: To establish Starbucks as most familiar and appreciated brand in the world and become a national business with values and guiding principles that employee could be proud of The vision statement clearly describes the dream or the future of the company that is to be the worlds most well known coffeehouse and also to be the most appreciated and positively graded brand by all levels of people around the world. The company also focuses its vision to employee satisfactions, so that the employees will be happy. Objectives of Starbucks: Is to grow by making employees feel valued Is to recognize that every dollar earned passes through employees hands The Six principles are: Respect and dignity Quality Diversity Profitability Satisfied customers Commitment Corporate Values and Business Principles: Building a Company with Soul Opposing Franchising because of Quality Control and Culture Only selling coffee beans without artificial flavors. Satisfy customers by all means. Employees contribution and involvement in making Starbucks a better company Corporate Social Responsibility: Establish the Starbucks Foundation in 1997 A major contributor of CARE, worldwide relief and development organization (Health, Education, and Humanitarian aid) Participate in local charitable projects. Provides financial support to community literacy organizations 2004 EnviroStars Recognized Leader Award for its community service and environmental activities Value Chain: Starbucks do not have a vertically integrated supply chain. It always works at increasing its relationship with its suppliers through the fair trade initiative Success Factors for Starbucks: Factors which helped Starbucks to gain success Starbucks were the first coffee makers in business Starbucks started their operation in the year 1987 under Howard Schultz Within the first five years they had 150 stores. First specialty coffee retailing chain in the market. First move advantage gave Starbucks a reason to establish a value proposition within customers and comes with a unique brand positioning. Profits were huge enough to allow them invest in their expansion plans. Market Research: Starbucks performed comprehensively study for expansion and enter into new markets. 1991 was the year in Starbucks moved to California resulted after a lot of market research. The reason why California people adapt quickly to changing lifestyle and that is the reason of choosing California. Employee Satisfaction Motivation: Starbucks played a major role in this aspect. Highly motivated and well trained staff resulted the high level of employee satisfaction. Starbucks offered health benefits to their employees for employees who worked more than twenty hours in a week. Starbucks Strategies (1983- 2008) Schultz restored the old and honest employees of Starbucks to give the best service to the customers. Dave Lawrence was hired as a executive vice presented and charged with leading operation, finance and human resources. In order to increase the market share, Starbucks has differentiated itself in providing a unique experience to its customers. In order to create a unique value proposition, Starbucks have created stores with specific themes. Secondly they have a focus on different flavors of beverages to suit peoples needs. Starbucks have developed the market for specialty coffee industry for America. In this context, Starbucks have created brand awareness and henceforth have created a demand for coffee stores amongst American population. Therefore, they have taken coffee from a commodity market to a specialty item. New logo was invented to match the culture of the Starbucks and Giornale. New espresso machines were equipped and look more Italian than old world nautical Chicago store opened in October 1987 as per expansion strategy Identifying inability of the customers for having a cup of coffee in the winter season in Chicago, Schultz solved the problem of freshness and quality assurance by putting freshly roasted beans in special flavor lock bags that used vacuum packaging technique. Portland, oregon was the next market the company entered. Entered in L.A in late 1991. Opened 15 new stores in 1988, 20 in 1989, 30 in 1990, and 53 in 1992, producing a total of 161 stores in US. Also went for franchising concept to retrieve the cost for new store expansion. In order to make Starbucks a great place to work Schultz accepted to expand healthcare coverage to include part-time workers. To oversee the expansion process Starbucks created zone wise vice presidents to direct the development of each region and to implant the Starbucks culture in the newly opened stores. Starbucks had created a new subsidiary, Starbucks coffee international, to orchestrate overseas expansion and build the Starbucks brand name globally via license. To accommodate its strategy of rapid store expansion. In august 2002 Starbucks teamed up with T-mobile USA, the largest carrier-owned Wi-Fi services, to experiment with Providing internet access and enhanced digital entertainment to patrons at over 1200 Starbucks locations. Part 2 Starbucks Performance (Fiscal 2009 Annual Report) Stores Open : Store Sales Growth: (1) Store openings are reported net of closures. (2) Of the approximately 800 total US stores identified for closure, 566 stores and 205 stores were closed in fiscal 2009 and 2008, respectively. (3) Starbucks restructured its Australia market by closing 61 stores in fiscal 2008. Of the approximately 100 International stores (incremental to the Australia closures in fiscal 2008) identified for closure, 41 stores were closed in various markets in fiscal 2009. Net Revenues: Operating Cash Flow Capital Expenditures: Company revenues decreased from fiscal 2008, primarily attributable to a 6% decline in comparable store sales, comprised of a 4% decline in transactions and a 2% decline in the average value per transaction. Foreign currency translation also contributed to the decline with the effects of a stronger US dollar relative to the British pound and Canadian dollar. The weakness in consolidated comparable store sales was driven by the US segment, with a comparable store sales decline of 6% for the year. The International segment experienced a 2% decline in comparable store sales. The Company derived 16% of total net revenues from channels outside the Company-operated retail stores, collectively known as specialty operations. The decrease in Foodservice and other revenue was primarily due to the softness in the hospitality industry. Schultzs Actions in 2008/2009 Retrained all the store employees They reduced operating costs by $600m per anum Simplified the product range They Closed 1,000 worst-performing stores Introduced Fairtrade coffee Started advertising Porters Five Forces Potential entry of Competitors (Low). Differentiation: Coffee industry companies tries to achieve differentiation in their service qualities through stores ambience, staff and complimentary products. Hence it becomes difficult for new players to imitate the existing business models. Potential development of substitute products (Low) Companies such as Pepsi and Coca Cola have been a threat to specialty coffee retailing from a substitute perspective. In the current situation this threat has been lowered considerably Bargaining power of suppliers (High) Trade Policy Farmers associations that practice the fair trade policy. In US this initiative is called the TransFair initiative. Users of these are certified coffee beans are regarded as more reputed by customers and hence most companies such as Starbucks are forced to buy from these farmers. This increases the bargaining power of suppliers. Differentiation Because of the taste differentiation companies need to procure an assortment of different varieties of coffee beans from different specialized farmers. This results the increase in the bargaining power of suppliers. Rivalry among competing firms (High) It faces tough competition from local baristas due to price factor. Starbucks is priced higher than these local players. Starbucks faces stiff competition from McDonalds, Dunkin Donuts and a number of players. Overall the industry is growing but at a slow rate and there are lot of players. Cost: In terms of switching cost, consumers do not pay a high amount when they needs to switch their preferences from Starbucks to other coffee shops. Starbucks have lost a number of its customers because of the high prices. Customers opine that they get the same coffee in other places at lower prices. Bargaining power of consumer (Moderate) Loyalty Programs: Repeated purchases from a single customer become guaranteed customers are bounded to the organization through Loyalty Cards Low Switching Cost It usually plays a negative factor to the companys growth by increasing the bargaining power of buyers. SWOT Analysis Strength: Starbucks has proven to give an outstanding performance in customer service and experience. It has its own unique playback songs system which can be used to listen to your choice. Starbucks have changed coffee to a recognized beverage. One of the major strategies of Starbucks is that it has never used expensive television advertising campaigns or brand ambassadors to advertise, instead it has relied more on its universally present cafes, word of mouth publicity and the ambience of its stores. It has maintained a high level of service through which it has achieved a consistent level of customer satisfaction. Weakness: Customers are never loyal to a single store and keep on changing their stores, because when ever Starbucks enters any international market it opens a large number of stores within close vicinity Sales of individual stores are never stable. Because of the recent recession, the levels of same store sales and margins have come down. The fourth quarter results have shown a loss of 70% in the companys net income and share prices have fallen by 33 cents. There has been a closure of 600 stores and lay off for 6700 stores. Opportunities: Along with coffee Starbucks has also branched out to produce DVDs, CDs, t-shirts and other proprietary food product offerings. The market for these products has grown considerably and gives a great opportunity to Starbucks for leveraging their brand. Starbucks should also look at exploring some of the emerging economies in South Eastern Asia such as India where the economy is stable. Threats: The economic recession is a threat for Starbucks since they had to close down a large number of stores leading to declining profits and large level of unemployment. McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts serve high quality green coffee also which is an impending factor on Starbucks growth. Starbucks is facing major challenges from competitors such as McDonalds and Dunkin Donuts. Strategic Synopsis: Starbucks faces an extremely challenging fiscal 2009 due to the ongoing economic slowdown. It noted that its customers may have less money for discretionary spending as a result of job losses, foreclosures, and bankruptcies. Any resulting decreases in customer traffic or average value per transaction will negatively impact the companys financial performance as reduced revenues result in sales de-leveraging which creates downward pressure on margins. The company also said it expects negative comparable store sales for fiscal 2009 and that additional restructuring measures may be needed in the future if Starbucks is unable to improve its financial performance. PART: 3 Customer, Market, Market Segment: Customer Segment: Its is well known for its coffee as well as the relationships formed with its customers. This targets college students and business people in general, as well as individuals. Target Market Starbucks us always adult -focused and look forward to aim to connect with their customers, childrens and communities through different types of advertisements tactics. College age group and post graduates are the big growing market. Market Attraction Targeting adults and young adults is a good mechanism for Starbucks because this age level has the same interests as the foundation that promotes arts, culture, education, and the environment (starbucks.com). The company satisfies their customers through their advertising, support programs and, of course, their coffee. Resources and Capabilities A: Resources, capabilities and Strategic Assets: Every company or organization needs and owns certain resources, capabilities or competencies and also assets which are a necessity to endure and prosper globally. The resources consist of: Creating Competitive Edge Intangible Resources Recipe Employee relationship Large customer base Reputation of products and services Tangible Resources Large number of outlets Machinery equipments Operations in 37 countries RESOURCES CATEGORIES STARBUCKS RESOURCES PHYSICAL RESOURCES Operation in 40 countries Conventionally taste and environment. Effective segmentation. Supply chain management. Large number of outlets. FINANCIAL RESOURCES Turnover of  £46.56 billion in 2009. Gross margins of  £4.13 billion in 2009. Profit of  £2.1 billion in 2009. HUMAN RESOURCES Greatly competent labour force. Young and prosperous. INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL Reputation for excellence Brand image built as taste, environment. Strategic capability of Starbuck: CATEGORIES STARBUCK RESOURCES THRESHOLD RESOURCES solid supply chain. Young and affluent workforces. THRESHOLD COMPETENCIES Quality. Reliability. Dealings and relationship with its employees and customers. UNIQUE RESOURCES Hi-tech coffee machines equipments. Extraordinary labour force CORE COMPETENCIES Technology. Speed of production. Known as The Best coffee provider B: Structure, Culture and organizational knowledge There are very less companies who can boast to be as consistent as Starbucks in terms of attracting the customers which is always adjusting itself for the demand of the time with seamless quality and efficiency. The adjustment which is the company is willing to accept all the time is what makes it different from the rest. Their philosophy of the Starbucks is to provide product which are marvel of taste but also come with value and satisfaction. B: STRATEGIC CHOICE Identification of Strategic Options Ansoffs Product/Market Matrix Considering the approach of STARBUCKS they should continue to go with what they are doing currently. It means stick to what they do best. I think that they do need to enter new markets for themselves and in particular ASIA. Currently STARBUCKS is not one of the most commonly used or known brands in ASIAN region. To pin point the region the areas to focus must be China and South Asian markets. STARBUCKS has set its sights on Chinese Niche market with view of the massive growth in Chinese economy and the wealth generated. Working in China would also mean that they will be able to work with the best available technology and also the fast growing consumer market that exists within China. Other region of interest can be South Asian emerging markets and in particular India who are enjoying a massive boom in economy and also buying power. In my opinion the strategy used needs to be Business to Customer or B2C as this strategy has already served STARBUCKS Group very well in the past. The benefit of the strategy will be that it will be Product driven and will also maximize the value of the transaction and plus they will have larger target markets. This will also ensure that there will be a single step buying process and will enhance brand identity and also the brand image will also work as an extra helping hand for the company. B2C strategy will ensure the brand loyalty and also will promote emotional buying decisions which will base on status, price or may be desire. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION Starbucks should continue with its operation in the growing economies and markets and diversify themselves to new markets where ever possible. As most of markets of Europe and America are at a stage of maturity, the realistic option for growth is diversion to new markets. The markets of Europe and America are older and also are very established for the Starbucks and it also has developed a brand loyal segment of customers behind them. That is the reason they need to consolidate the work they have so far put in to the emerging markets and consumers. To put the strategy into action STARBUCKS needs to consider the below stated aspects so that the transition or change over to new markets is as smooth as it can get. The timing is one of the major aspects which need to be taken care off or estimated beforehand. Since company already has its plants based in INDIA and CHINA; they still need to develop them further to enhance production and meet the growing demand of a growing market and also a growing consumer base. The time it will take for them to either acquire or go into further and further of franchise growth model. The other important type of strategy in which STARBUCKS has been largely successful is by creating their 100% subsidiaries in the emerging markets so that it becomes a strategic asset for the company and would usually mean that it will be cost effective manufacturing by producing it in developing countries; which means that they will have relatively less expensive labour at their disposal in comparison with already developed countries and markets. The constraints for company can be the rise in prices of raw materials will definitely impact pricing and positioning of the brand. They will also have to work extensively to keep up to date with taste of consumers and also their preferences in terms of product. Another factor can be the potential of the markets suggested will definitely appeal to the competition and it might trigger a price war and fierce rivalry amongst the industry players. The fluctuation in international business will also affect STARBUCKS in particularly the international currency market. This strategic plan may be able to help STARBUCKS achieve a safer journey ahead and they will be able to sustain a strong foothold in the world. Starbucks should continue to open new locations worldwide. Starbucks is extremely dependent on its domestic success, and yet has a variety of countries it has not explored opportunities in. However, it is recommended that Starbucks tread lightly and with caution, insuring proper social and cultural analysis before plunging into a country. This is apparent in the fact that Starbucks was forced to close three retail stores in Singapore last year.   

judahs Triumph :: essays research papers

Judah’s Triumph   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  William Wyler is the director of the 1959 award-winning version of Ben-Hur. The film is an adaptation of General Lew Wallace’s novel. Karl Tunberg is credited with the actual screenplay. Sam Zimbalist was the original producer of Ben-Hur, but he died before the completion of filming. The two main characters are Judah Ben-Hur (Charlton Heston) and Messala (Stephen Boyd). Another important person involved in this film is Miklos Rozsa. He composed the award-winning musical score in a total of eight weeks. Ben-Hur was released in New York City on November 18, 1959, and in Los Angeles on November 24, 1959. It was re-released in the USA in 1969. This film has grossed $70 million in the United States alone. As for location, this film was shot in entirely in Italy. Ben-Hur is one of two films to win eleven Academy Awards, the other movie being Titanic. The awards include best leading and supporting actors, best cinematography, best director, best music, best sound, and more. This film has some interesting behind the scenes trivia, most of which is in connection to the stadium or the chariot racing. According to The Internet Movie Database the design of the stadium was a controversy. â€Å"MGM asked an archaeologist what the stadium in Jerusalem had looked like. ‘Roman,’ came the reply. A second archaeologist was asked. ‘It was in a Phoenician style,’ he said. A third archaeologist was consulted, who said: ‘Stadium? I was not aware that Jerusalem had one!’ MGM engineers eventually sat down and carefully studied Ben-Hur (1926), and based their design on that.† Another intriguing fact is during the chariot race Charlton Heston’s stunt double was flipped out of the chariot. The stunt man hung on to the reigns and climbed back into the chariot. That blooper was left in the film to add more action. Marketing for this film was almost as big as the movie itself. Hundreds of toys were created, as well as Ã¢â‚¬Ë œBen-his’ and ‘Ben-hers’ bathroom towels. The Internet Movie Database also points out another big goof in editing. â€Å"Nine chariots start the chariot race. After the first crash, there appear still to be nine chariots in the race. After the third crash, six are shown, but as Ben Hur passes to catch up, clearly there [are] a total of seven in the race. After five have crashed, five are left. Messala is the sixth chariot to crash, but Ben Hur and three others finish the race.

Leadership Development SMART Goal Setting Essay

The purpose of this assignment is to develop a SMART-formatted goal on a selected professional leadership topic applicable to your current practice setting or future leadership development goals. This goal is about your leadership development needs, not those of the organization. The Institute of Medicine’s quality initiative has identified five core healthcare profession competencies that serve as a framework for identification of the leadership goal. Course Outcomes Completion of this assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes. CO 1: Apply leadership concepts, skills, and decision making in the provision of high quality nursing care, healthcare team management, and the oversight and accountability for care delivery in a variety of settings. (PO #2) CO 4: Apply concepts of leadership and team coordination to promote the achievement of safe and quality outcomes of care for diverse populations. (PO #4) CO 5: Apply improvement methods, based on data from the outcomes of care processes, to design and test changes to continuously improve the quality and safety of healthcare. (PO #8) CO 8: Apply concepts of quality and safety using structure, process, and outcome measures to identify clinical questions as the beginning process of changing current practice. (PO #8) Due Dates This assignment consists of the completion of the Leadership Development SMART Goal Setting paper. Submit assignment to the Dropbox by Sunday, 11:59 p.m. MT, by the end of Week 4. Points This assignment is worth 200 points. Directions 1. Review the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) core healthcare competencies. Choose ONE of these competencies that you would like to work on for developing a SMART goal. The five core competencies are listed below. Managing Patient-Centered Care; Working in interdisciplinary and/or interprofessional teams; Employing evidence-based practice; Applying quality improvement techniques; and Utilizing informatics. 2. Name ONE KSA (Knowledge, Skills, and Attributes) related to the specific core competency you chose above. Examples of KSAs (Knowledge, Skills and Attributes) for your Leadership Development Goal Setting include conflict resolution, becoming influential, leading change, communication about the patient, communication organization-wide, team building conversations, organizational skills, using evidence to guide your practice, initiating QI/PI endeavors, using data to help with decision making, staff education, problem solving, human resource management issues, delegation, decision making, budgeting and finance, and computer skills. Others are possible! If you have questions, please contact your instructor. 3. Create ONE leadership development goal that is in the SMART goal format. You practiced this in the Week 3 Discussion, and received valuable feedback from your instructor and peers. Please consider this as you work on this assignment. S – Specific (Who is involved in the goal, what is the goal, where will it take place?) M – Measurable (How are you going to achieve the goal?) Be specific with measureable outcomes. A – Attainable (What resources and/or experts are available to assist you with attaining your goal?) R – Realistic (Is this goal something that is realistically obtainable in professional practice?) T – Time bound (What specific dates or weeks will  you accomplish each task of your goal achievement?) Example NOT in SMART format: I will learn how to be a manager. This goal is lofty, not measurable, and unattainable in the time allotted, probably not realistic, and not time bound. Example in SMART Format: I will learn the disciplinary process of an employee who has excessive absences, by locating the organization’s attendance policy and meeting with the unit manager, reviewing peer-reviewed articles and credible websites to obtain information on the disciplinary process by Week 4 (or specified date). Note: This particular example relates to Core Competency: Managing Patient-Centered Care. This example is a SMART goal that is Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-bound. S-Specific Who- Your name, or â€Å"I† What- Learn the disciplinary process of employees who have excessive absences Where- Your organization M-Measurable How: Through locating the organization’s attendance policy A-Attainable Resources and/or Expert: Meeting with the unit manager, reviewing peer-reviewed articles, and credible websites R-Realistic Realistically obtainable: Access to the organization, policies, and unit manager T-Time bound Specific dates: By Week 4 (or specific date) 4. Go to the Chamberlain library and search the databases to locate scholarly articles related to your SMART goal. Also, search for credible websites to gain insight into how to accomplish your goal. 5. Construct a plan of action to reach your Leadership SMART goal that includes identifying the attributes  needed in order to achieve your goal. Be specific by creating a timeline of when you plan on doing each action; explain how, when, and where you plan to communicate with an expert; and identify specific resources you will use to help you achieve your goal. a. Example Plan of Action for above mentioned example: Seek approval to review the organization’s policies and schedule a meeting/interview with the unit manager by _____ (fill in date). Review the policies on disciplinary action by _____ (fill in date). Review the American Nurses Association website and peer-reviewed articles in the American Journal of Nursing and Journal of Advanced Nursing by _____ (fill in date). Evaluate the findings from the above resources by _____ (fill in date). 6. Write a scholarly paper that follows APA formatting guidelines. Organize your content logically and express your thoughts clearly. Use appropriate headers to separate sections of your paper. Check for any grammar or spelling errors before submission. 7. Submit your completed NR447 Leadership Development SMART Goal paper, which should be approximately six pages (excluding title page and references) to the Week 4 Leadership SMART Goal Setting Paper Dropbox by Sunday, 11:59 p.m. MT at the end of Week 4. Grading Criteria: Leadership Development Smart Goal Setting Category Points % Description Choose ONE of the IOM core competencies to develop a SMART goal 10 5% Selects the specific IOM core competency upon which SMART goal is based. Name ONE KSA (Knowledge, Skills and Attributes) related to the ONE specific core competency 15 7% Names ONE KSA based on a specific IOM core competency noted above and describes how the KSA relates to the specific IOM core competency previously selected. Develop one specific leadership SMART goal. 55 28% Develops a professional leadership (SMART) goal, formatted correctly containing specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time bound attributes. KSA is related to the core competency selected. Locate scholarly articles and credible websites relevant to your SMART goal. 20 10% Locates scholarly articles and credible websites related to SMART goal/KSA. Summarizes articles and websites in body of paper. Construct a plan of action for SMART goal. 80 40% Constructs a plan of action for SMART goal, identifying the attributes needed in order to achieve the goal; creates a timeline, explains how the plan will unfold, and how specific resources (articles and websites) will be utilized in effort to achieve goal. Plan is apparent in body of paper. Clarity of writing 20 10% Content is organized, logical, and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper; reference page includes all citations; proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell and grammar check is obvious. Grading Rubric for Leadership Development SMART Goal Setting Assignment Criteria Outstanding or Highest Level of Performance A Very Good or High Level of Performance B Competent or Satisfactory Level of Performance C Poor, Failing, or Unsatisfactory Level of Performance F Choose ONE of the IOM core competencies to develop a SMART goal 10 points Chooses only one IOM core competency upon which SMART goal is based. 9–10 points Chooses an IOM core competency but it is the best fit for the SMART goal. 8 points Chooses a competency but it is not an IOM core competency. 7 points Fails to choose any competency. 0–6 points Name ONE KSA (Knowledge, Skills and Attributes) related to the chosen IOM core competency. 15 points Names ONE KSA based on the chosen IOM core competency AND describes in detail how the KSA relates to the competency. 14–15 points Names ONE KSA based on the chosen competency but describes in general terms how the KSA relates to the competency. 12–13 points Names ONE KSA based on the chosen competency but does not describe, or only vaguely describes, how the KSA relates to the competency. 10–11 points Does not name a KSA. 0–9 points Develop one specific leadership SMART goal. 55 points Develops a leadership goal that is formatted correctly containing specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time bound attributes AND it is related to the chosen competency and KSA. 51–55 points Develops a leadership goal that is formatted correctly except for one component that does not meet the SMART goal criteria, i.e., not specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, or time bound. The goal is related to the chosen competency and the KSA. 46–50 points Develops a leadership goal that is somewhat formatted correctly, but two or three components do not meet the criteria for a SMART goal, The goal is NOT related to the chosen competency OR KSA. 42–45 points Does not follow SMART goal formatting. The goal is not related to the chosen competency and/or KSA. 0–41 points Locate scholarly articles and credible websites relevant to your SMART goal. 20 points Locates at least two scholarly articles and two credible websites related to the SMART Goal and KSA chosen. Summarizes all of them thoroughly. 18–20 points Locates one scholarly article and two credible websites. OR, locates one credible website and two scholarly articles. Summaries all of them generally. 16–17 points Locates only one scholarly article and only one credible website. Summarized them but with some inaccuracy. 14–15 points Locates no scholarly sources of support. Summary is missing or inaccurate. 0–13 points Construct a plan of action for SMART goal. 80 points Constructs a detailed plan of action for achieving the SMART goal, identifying all the attributes needed in order to achieve the goal. Creates a timeline that explains how the plan will unfold. Fully describes how chosen scholarly resources (articles and websites) provide insight into achieving the goal. 74–80 points Constructs a plan of action for achieving the SMART goal but fails to include one to two of the identifying attributes needed in order to achieve the goal. Creates a general timeline. Describes only some of the chosen scholarly articles and websites to achieve the goal. 67–73 points Constructs a plan of action for achieving the SMART goal, but doesn’t speak to the identifying attributes. Fails to create a realistic timeline, or fails to explain how the plan will unfold. Does not adequately describe how chosen scholarly articles and websites will help achieve the goal. 61–66 points Constructs a plan of action that doesn’t speak to the attributes. Fails to create any timeline. Does not indicate how chosen scholarly articles and websites will achieve the goal. 0–60 points Clarity of writing 20 points Content is organized, logical, and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper; reference page includes all citations; proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell and grammar check is obvious. Less than three errors noted. 18–20 points Content is mostly organized, logical and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper; reference page includes all citations; proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell check and grammar check is obvious. Four to six errors noted. 16–17 points Content is somewhat organized, logical and with correct grammar, punctuation, spelling, and sentence structure are correct. APA formatting is apparent. References are properly cited within the paper; reference page  includes all citations; proper title page and introduction are present and evidence of spell check and grammar check are not obvious. Seven to 10 errors noted. 14–15 points Content is disorganized and writing has numerous grammar, spelling, or syntax errors and APA formatting errors. Spell check and grammar check are not obvious. More than 11 errors noted. 0–13 points Total Points Possible= 200 Points Earned = A quality assignment will meet or exceed all of the above requirements.

‘On The Idle Hill’ and ‘The Charge Of The Light Brigade’ Essay

In this essay I intend to write about and compare these two poems, ‘On The Idle Hill’ and ‘The Charge Of The Light Brigade.’ I have chosen these two particular poems because I feel I have a greater understanding of them and I found them the most powerful out of the selection, I also thought they showed best the experience of war. A.E.Housman wrote ‘On The Idle Hill’ in 1896, he was not thinking of a particular war when he wrote it he looked at the beauty and horror of war. I will use (1) to represent ‘On The Idle Hill’. Alfred Tennyson wrote ‘The Charge of the Light Brigade’ in 1854. He was writing about the Crimean war that occurred between 1854 and 1856. I will use (2) to represent ‘Charge of the Light Brigade’. In this essay I will look at layout and also various writing techniques for example, alliteration, metaphors and personification. Poem (1) is on the subject of war in general; it’s about the glory and the disaster of the whole experience. It begins with the build up to war by talking about the stillness before the war and also talks about the drumming noise from afar it then goes on to tell of the soldiers marching into battle. It ends with the image of death and destruction like a blanket over the ground. Poem (2) is all about the Crimean War from a poet’s point of view. It follows the British Cavalry into war and it gives a detailed picture of all that happened during the battle. (2) begins with the order from the British cavalry commander to go forward and attack, he had mistaken the orders given to him and the poem then tells us about the tragic consequences. I am now going to look at the layout of each poem. (1) Is a small poem that consists of four verses that have four lines each; the lines are all of similar length. It uses indentations to make the poem look attractive and to make it appeal to potential readers. (2) Is a lot more random; it has six verses that contain between 8 and 12 lines. The lengths of these lines vary and indentations are used randomly throughout the poem. I am now going to look at the language used by each poet. In (1) the poet Housman begins by setting the scene he creates a tranquil and calm atmosphere by using words such as; summer, sleepy, streams and dreams, I think he paints this picture to show how a peaceful area can be so damaged and disrupted by war. He then introduces war by mentioning the drumming noise from far away; at the end of verse two is the first time he mentions humans, â€Å"Soldiers marching all to die,† (V2 line 4). He doesn’t go into any detail of the battle, which keeps this poem quite serene. He then goes straight to the death and destruction that was left after the battle, he uses words like; bones, forgotten, dead and rotten. They are all quite dark words and in the readers mind will probably create a picture of morbid stillness. (2) Is a very detailed report on what happened during the battle whereas the other was dreamier. The first two verses are setting the scene by saying what happened when they first went into war, there are hardly any adjectives. Verses three and four however is full of adjectives such as; flashed, volleyed, thundered, boldly and shattered, they are all quite striking words and they are used by the poet to create a dramatic and vivid picture. This is the same in verses five and six but they also include words such as; hero, honour and noble. These are used to show the courage and bravery of the Brigade. I am now going to look at the diverse writing techniques used by both of the poets. Alliteration is a commonly used technique, in (1) there are numerous examples of it, â€Å"Far and near, low and louder,† (V2 line 1), and in this case the alliteration is used to imitate the steady beat that is made by the drummers as they approach the battle. Another example is, â€Å"Bleach the bones of comrades slain,† (V3 line 3), here it is used to emphasize the awful situation, and to make obvious that many, many people died. In (2) alliteration is also used quite frequently, â€Å"stormed at with shot and shell,† (V3 line 5); this is used to stress the violence and brutality of the battle. It is then use again, â€Å"horse and hero fell,† (v5 line 5), and this is used to put emphasis on the tragic circumstance the cavalry is in. Onomatopoeia is a word that imitates the sound it is describing; it is used only in (1). â€Å"Far I hear the steady drummer, Drumming like a noise in dreams†, (V1 lines 3 & 4), the word drum definitely sounds like the noise of a drum. It is used to create a feeling of rhythm and beat. It is then used again but in a different way, â€Å"Far the calling bugles hollo,† (V4 line 1), the poet hear has written what he thinks a bugle’s call sounds like this gives the reader a sense of the noises that would be heard on a battle ground. An oxymoron is two words that are put together but that actually contradict each other. One was found in (1) it was used to describe the sound the drum makes, â€Å"Far and near, low and louder,† (V2 line 1). It is impossible for something to be far and near, this is used to describe the feeling that the noise was all around them and coming from every direction. There aren’t any oxymorons in (2). Metaphors are a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is given to an object or action that it does not literally mean. There are no metaphors used in (1) whereas in (2) I found a couple, â€Å"Into the jaws of death, into the mouth of hell†, (V3 lines 7 & 8) of course there cannot literally be ‘jaws of death’ the phrase is used to represent death itself, it is almost personifying death by saying that it has a jaw and a mouth. Another not so strong metaphor was, â€Å"Flashed all their sabres bare. Flashed as they turned in air,† (V4 lines 1 & 2), their swords or sabres id not literally flash it just seemed like they did because the sun will have reflected off of them. Metaphors in both of these cases are used to create pictures in the readers’ heads. Assonance is the use of the repetition of a vowel sound, it was used in (1) only once, † high the screaming fife replies,† (V4 line 3) it is used to create a sense of rhythm and beat, the vowel sound may also represent the noise that the fife makes. In (2) Assonance is also used † Shattered and Sundered,† (V4 line 7), this again is used to create rhythm using this technique always accentuates the words and their meanings within the poem. Another example is, â€Å"All the world wondered,† (V6 line 3) this is a mix of alliteration and assonance and together these techniques make this phrase very powerful. Repetition is a brilliant way of creating rhythm in a poem it features heavily throughout (2), â€Å"cannon to the right of them, cannon in front of them, cannon to the left of them,† (V3 lines 1,2 & 3), as I said it creates rhythm and in this case also underlines the exceedingly difficult position they are in. At the end of every verse in (2) a line is repeated which alters slightly throughout the poem, in verses 1, 2 and 3 the finishing line is, â€Å"Rode the six hundred.† Whereas in verse 4 it is, â€Å"Not the six hundred,† verse 5 it is, â€Å"Left of six hundred,† and on the finishing verse, verse 6 it is, â€Å"Noble six hundred.† By using this at the end of every verse it shows how they are managing in the battle, and it gives an overview of what happened in the verse. In (1) there is no repetition at all. Rhyme is the most commonly thought of technique in poetry, in (1) rhyme is used very strongly throughout the poem. In every verse the words at the end of line one and three rhyme and the ends of lines two and four rhyme and this pattern does not break once, it creates rhythm and makes the poem flow, this makes it pleasant for the reader. In (2) rhyme is used an awful lot, again at the end of lines but it is not as organised its very random. For example, â€Å"Theirs is not make reply, Theirs is not to reason why, Theirs is but to do or die,† (V2 lines 5,6 & 7), this creates strong rhythm and lays emphasis on that particular section. In conclusion, I think that these poems are very different in size, layout, language and writing style. They have very little in common and both look at the experience of war in very different ways. ‘On the Idle Hill is dreamy, still and tranquil whereas ‘The Charge of the Light Brigade’ is dramatic, vivid and striking.

Essay on The Duck Commander

Essay on The Duck Commander Essay on The Duck Commander he men of A&E’s wildly popular reality show â€Å"Duck Dynasty† catch squirrels with their bare hands and skin frogs with a single flick of the wrist. They say things like â€Å"My idea of happiness is killin’ things† and â€Å"That is how you trap a lizard, boys.† They sit with their legs wide apart and their barrel chests puffed out. They project a primal, frontier masculinity- the rifles slung over shoulders, the endless supply of camouflage pants, the craggy faces swallowed by beard. And for some reason, people are watching. About 8.6 million viewers tuned in to the season premiere of â€Å"Duck Dynasty" last month, beating out both â€Å"American Idol† and â€Å"Modern Family." It was the biggest audience for a reality show episode on cable this year. The current TV landscape features a slew of backwoods reality shows: â€Å"Buckwild† on MTV, â€Å"Hillybilly Handfishin† on Animal Planet, â€Å"Swamp People† on the History Channel, â€Å"Redneck Island† and â€Å"Bayou Millionaires,† both on CMT. Of the group, TLC’s â€Å"Here Comes Honey Boo Boo†- with its tiny wannabe beauty queen and her rowdy Southern brood set against a backdrop of mud-diving and pig-foot-eating- has gotten the most mainstream cultural attention, generating a debate about â€Å"hixploitation† and the queasy appeal of hillbilly reality TV. But â€Å"Duck Dynasty† remains the genre’s ratings success and breakout star, in part because it is so slyly self-aware. The â€Å"Honey Boo Boo† gang knows that they are crafting a brand, of course, and they’re good at it; they embrace country bumpkin stereotypes so fully (urging viewers to â€Å"redneck-ognize,† for instance) that it is hard not to be charmed by their total comfort with themselves. But the men of â€Å"Duck Dynasty† are savvier- after all, the show is partly a kind of promotional reel for the thriving business at its center. We have long seen reality shows that bank on the spectacle of wealth: â€Å"My Super Sweet 16,† â€Å"The Hills,† â€Å"Real Housewives,† â€Å"The Kardashians.† The opulence is a kind of joke, all that pornographic materialism, the surgically smoothed faces and the gaudy mansions. We’re supposed to shake our heads at the extravagance and feel reassured of our own relative groundedness. â€Å"Duck Dynasty,† though, makes watching other people’s prosperity feel like a less bitter pill. It stars the Robertsons, the family behind the multi-million-dollar company Duck Commander, which built its fortune manufacturing duck calls in the swampy wilds of Louisiana. Affluence is more palatable, of course, when it comes in down-market packaging, muddied and unshaven. â€Å"DUCK DYNASTY† MAKES BEING A MAN SEEM AS STRAIGHTFORWARD AS A PUNCH TO THE FACE. Like â€Å"The Osbornes† and â€Å"The Kardashians,† â€Å"Duck Dynasty† is less reality show than sitcom: for all its kooky antics, it persistently reinforces traditional family values. Each episode ends with a tidy scene in which the Robertsons say a prayer around the dinner table, grateful for the roasted duck and for each other. All the Robertson men are happily married to confoundingly sane and good-looking women. Producer Scott Gurney has called the show â€Å"’Modern Family’ in camo.† Duck Commander CEO Willie Robertson is the most responsible of the bunch, perpetually wrangling his less industrious relatives, who want only to hunt and fish. The workplace and the wilderness are dueling existential forces. â€Å"Everyone here is doing nothing, and I can’t fire you because you’re kin to me!† Willie bellows. He plays the straight man in an ensemble that includes his wisecracking brother Jase, their wacky old uncle Si, and their flinty, no-nonsense father, Phil. Willie Robertson described the show as â€Å"guided reality† in a recent interview, sounding a bit like a producer instead of a star. The characters are mugging and winking every step of the way, preempting our own judgments. Jase’s deadpan asides are a highlight of the show. â€Å"When you hear CEO, you think chief executive officer. But when I look at Willie I think that if you saw him walking down the road

Free Essays on The Medieval University

The Medieval University: Model for Today’s Christian University? The relations with the neighboring Turtle Rock community would definitely be worse with the medieval model for many reasons. Getting use to a transition would be very hard and by doing this, Turtle Rock would have to adjust to the medieval model, which in a way would be hard. The language would first be a problem for the community for Concordia and Turtle Rock. Because the Medieval University requires each student to know the Latin Language, Turtle Rock would have to eventually learn the language. Personally, I think these adjustments aren’t necessary at all due to the fact that Turtle Rock is not part of the Medieval System. Because the medieval university wasn’t even a system with complete order, chancellors had to examine the teachers and reject the unworthy, and they had to create their very own constitution. I think that the Turtle Rock neighbors wouldn’t obey and agree on the constitution laws, because they wouldn’t feel obligated since they arenâ₠¬â„¢t a part of that system. The turtle rock community would also feel very uncomfortable with the fact that these students are quite the rowdy type. Medieval model students were known as the rowdy type and the students at Concordia would most likely follow these footsteps into childish chaos. In some universities, the students had controlled most of the curriculum, which in present Concordia, would never be the case. Students at Medieval Universities also had a good amount of power over the universities. Turtle Rock would definitely feel very insecure with this especially with their reputation of being rowdy. I think that the Turtle Rock community is happy and satisfied with the Present Concordia system. Another huge problem that would disturb the community would be the fact that medieval students and teachers were criticized for all the seven deadly sins. These sins included greed, sloth, pride, lust, glutton... Free Essays on The Medieval University Free Essays on The Medieval University The Medieval University: Model for Today’s Christian University? The relations with the neighboring Turtle Rock community would definitely be worse with the medieval model for many reasons. Getting use to a transition would be very hard and by doing this, Turtle Rock would have to adjust to the medieval model, which in a way would be hard. The language would first be a problem for the community for Concordia and Turtle Rock. Because the Medieval University requires each student to know the Latin Language, Turtle Rock would have to eventually learn the language. Personally, I think these adjustments aren’t necessary at all due to the fact that Turtle Rock is not part of the Medieval System. Because the medieval university wasn’t even a system with complete order, chancellors had to examine the teachers and reject the unworthy, and they had to create their very own constitution. I think that the Turtle Rock neighbors wouldn’t obey and agree on the constitution laws, because they wouldn’t feel obligated since they arenâ₠¬â„¢t a part of that system. The turtle rock community would also feel very uncomfortable with the fact that these students are quite the rowdy type. Medieval model students were known as the rowdy type and the students at Concordia would most likely follow these footsteps into childish chaos. In some universities, the students had controlled most of the curriculum, which in present Concordia, would never be the case. Students at Medieval Universities also had a good amount of power over the universities. Turtle Rock would definitely feel very insecure with this especially with their reputation of being rowdy. I think that the Turtle Rock community is happy and satisfied with the Present Concordia system. Another huge problem that would disturb the community would be the fact that medieval students and teachers were criticized for all the seven deadly sins. These sins included greed, sloth, pride, lust, glutton...

13 Best Jobs For Good Work-Life Balance

13 Best Jobs For Good Work-Life Balance we have a reputation in america for working too hard. more and more americans are working an average of more than 58 hours a week, well beyond the standard 40. but what if you want a better work/life balance? according to census data, the average american works approximately 39 hours and has a median income of $32,000 per year. but here are 13 positions that pay much better for roughly the same time on the job.postal service clerks work about 39.32 hours a week for a median earned income of $51,000.speech language pathologists work about 36.17 hours a week and make roughly $54,000.registered nurses and psychologists make about $56,000 a year, and work an average of 37.59 and 36.75 hours a week, respectively.chiropractors and occupational therapists each make an average of $60,000 a year working 36.02-39.75 hours.technical writers earn an annual average of $62,000 for 39.61 hours a week.physical therapists work about 37.43 hours a week and earn about $63,000.audiologists work roughly 37.77 hours a week for about $64,000, and radiation therapists make a median income of $70,000 a year for 38.4 hours.the biggest winners are optometrists, pharmacists, and dentists who work an average workweek of 37.83-39.03 hours, but make a whopping $100,000-$130,000 a year.consider one of these careers if you want to optimize your work-life balance and your bank account!the 13 highest-paying jobs for people who want to work less than 40 hours a week

Columbia Sportswear Stock Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Columbia Sportswear Stock Analysis - Case Study Example Columbia Sportswear Company manufactures outwear including those meant for sports activities. The company is based in the United States and was started by Paul Lamfrom in 1938 who is the father of the Gert Boyle the current chairperson. Headquartered in Cedar Mill Oregon, Columbia Sportswear produces footwear, camping equipment, headgear, outerwear and skiwear having proved the highest seller of skiwear in America in the year 2001. The company has developed an international reputation through which it has managed to conduct their sales on an international platform developing their products more on quality standards, performance pact high functionality and giving value for money to the customers. The company deals with the designing of the products, their marketing and the distribution to the different markets that they create. The company has existed since 1938 amassing experience creating wisdom in business running. With more than 70 years in business, the company is in position to make viable decisions on product development with a mission to design and ensure delivery of authentic outdoor products of high value for all active consumers with no regard to ages. The company prides in understanding the needs of the customer well making products that keep customers comfortable and achieve protection from the different environmental effects or weather conditions. They provide products that can lead the market and help the customers achieve their market needs. The business started as a family business that developed slowly to reach the global market after the purchase of a small company Columbia Hat Company turning into today’s huge company Columbia Sportswear (Columbia History). This means that the current assets are in position to cover all the current liabilities of the company 4.15 times which means the company has a reasonable working capital that can take care of the business needs of the company. Working capital is

Homosexuality - Nature versus Nurture Research Paper

Homosexuality - Nature versus Nurture - Research Paper Example The truth is in understanding the nature concept; this is a concept that looks at how it is a specific gene combination within the body of a human being that makes him the way he is when he is born. It is these genes at the time of birth of a person that decides his sexual orientation rather than anything else. Therefore, people are born queer or gay rather than becoming gay during the course of their lifetime. In keeping with the statements and views made by the American Psychological Association, it has been noted that â€Å"Research suggests that the homosexual orientation is in place very early in the life cycle, possibly even before birth. It is found in about ten percent of the population, a figure which is surprisingly constant across cultures, irrespective of the different moral values and standards of a particular culture.† Therefore it is the belief of such associations as well as some independent scientists, that it is the gene make of different factors within the body, linked with the hormone secretions of a particular fetus that determines the final orientation of the baby at the time of its birth (or even before, when it is in the womb). On the other hand, the nurture concept talks about an entirely different aspect of being a homosexual. According to this concept, some people become gay during the course of their lifetime. They change their sexual preferences according to the kind of environment they live in, and according to the kind of surroundings and atmosphere they are subject to. For example, it is very likely for a young boy raised by only women (May it be in foster care, or lesbian parents, or simply having more women family members than male) to start behaving like women around him. By the time the boy is an adolescent or even older, all his preferences and tastes develop according to the likes of the women he has grown up with, and thus he begins to give rise to feelings of being effeminate. Therefore, this is how a person is ‘made’ gay rather than being born gay, all because of the influence of his outer surroundings and the external atmosphere.  

The United States and Right-Wing Dictatorships Essay - 1

The United States and Right-Wing Dictatorships - Essay Example This is because many people believed that the policy was successful due to its stability, capitalist, and anti-communism stance. After 1965, nonetheless, this regime became disliked by many Americans, thus, making the issue to become contested. One of the major turning-point was the Vietnam War that played an essential role in undercutting the foundation for supporting the Right-Wing Dictatorships (Schmitz, 2011). Through Schmitz’s book, reader is capable to understand the persistence of the older attitudes, emergent deliberations regarding Vietnam War and the steps to bring change and bring to a closure that U.S support for the authoritarian regime. This paper undertakes to examine the America’s support for the Right-Wing Dictatorships in Africa, Europe, Latin America, and Asia. The support for the Right-Wing Dictatorships is an issue that has happened in the U.S. for several years. Since the end of Second World War, the United States has been fighting communism. The U.S. has been supporting dictators from all over the world such as in Chile, El Salvador, Philippines, Indonesia, and Congo. This has been a major issue that has affected most of these countries in terms of economic development. America supported these nations with the aim of preventing the spread of communism. It is noteworthy that the dictators that the U.S. supported are more or less similar worse that the communist leaders. As the World War II ended and Cold war began, the first priority was to stop the escalating communism at the time. The people of Cuba decided to support liberation from U.S. influence and they enjoyed the support of the Soviet Union’s Premier, Nikita Khrushchev. This was a milestone in the process liberation of the whole world. In April 1964, the CIA reported that amongst all Latin American nations, Chile is the country that offers the Communists their hope of joining other nations to embrace the idea of dominating the government via the electoral process

Research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 11

Research paper - Essay Example This kind of situation is not new. There are countries who continue to believe that education should be conducted in the local vernacular. They say that it is not good for the young ones to learn in a language other than their own because it might cause them to forget their native tongue. However, as the demands of society continue to make people and companies more aggressive there is a need for an adjustment in the educational system in order for skills to be sufficient for those demands. In the traditional curriculum, education has always been conducted in the native language. However, as more and more nations interact with each other in trade and commerce, schools have opted to teach in an additional language, most commonly English, to further enhance the students’ communication skills. This is called bilingual education. â€Å"Bilingual education is a form of education in which information is presented to the students in two (or more) languages.† (Bilingual Education) Bilingual education is good to use in the curriculum in elementary schools because it helps them to prepare for viable employment, communicating with others, and educational success. Language is a very important part of one’s individuality. At times, it is the mother tongue which distinguishes one nationality from another. Because of this, the introduction of bilingual education has come to face opposition. Throughout the world, however, there is still an obvious need to promote and practice bilingual education for the benefit of the younger generation. As some countries continue to practice teaching in the mother tongue, families go through many sacrifices in order to catch up with the fast-moving world. A typical scenario would be children being forced to study another language as hard as they could so as to be more efficient communication-wise. All this studying, though, sets aside the child’s right to a normal and fun childhood. Korean students

Blog Post for Publishing Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Blog Post for Publishing - Article Example China deems to reunite with Taiwan, as Canada wishes Quebec remains intact in the Canadian territory. Between Canada and China however, what is different is the approach that each country is using to achieve the goal of reunification. Most aspects of the differences in approach are seen from a bilingualism and multiculturalism perspective. From the position of China, there is much absence of support for reunification with Taiwan. This notwithstanding, China wants to make the reunification happen. In the light of this, China’s approach is seen by many as a mere invasion of Taiwan. As support for reunification continues to decline and the PRC moves to reclaim Taiwan, Taiwan looks to the US for protection against an invasion by the PRC. The US continues its arms sales to Taiwan as a deterrent to force China to come to a peaceful resolution with Taiwan. Canada’s approach is quite different and so nothing like invasion is suspected. In the context of Quebec’s secession, much of the issue that Canada is troubled with deals with identity, language and culture. While China remains threatened by the US militarily, Canada is threatened in terms of identity, language and culture. This is because should Quebec secede, there is the threat that part of Anglophone Canada may choose to unite with the US as well. Once this happens, the national identity of the people of Quebec will be totally deferred from Canada to America. The French section of Canada will also be excessively strengthened as against the English. What is more, there will be a cultural diversion towards America. From this sense, there is something that Canada can also learn from China when it comes to the defense of its cultural heritage. In the case of China, the country sees the dominance of its cultural heritage within the Asian block as an important determining factor in gaining worldwide recognition in the new world order. It is for this that China wants the numbers from Taiwan

Broad environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Broad environment - Essay Example When the economy experiences a downward trend, people tend to cut down on their eating out activities and as such, the sales of the restaurants are directly impacted. This is because, spending in restaurants is considered to be a leisure activity due to which the priority to save money by cutting down on these activities are higher (American Business, 2011). Consumer activism with respect to the restaurant sector of the US is high and as such the restaurants operating in this segment have to concentrate on continually adhering to the existing consumer demands and preferences so that a higher level of sustainability is achieved in the businesses (Glickman, 2009). There have been major regional shifts in the population of the United States noted in the last few years. This phenomenon has changed the patterns in which the restaurant industry hires people. The employment patterns have changed with an increase in the influx of diverse groups of employees into the restaurant industry of th e country. Considering the interest rates and the banking trends remain a first financial priority for the restaurants in the United States. Also, the restaurants have to continuously adapt to the economic change so as to ensure higher sustainable competitive advantage (Chibng, 2011). The technological changes have also become a crucial influencer of the functioning trends of the restaurant segment. The advent of new technologies has facilitated different ways of reducing operational costs and achieving higher efficiency levels in the restaurants services. The new cooking technologies and equipment makes it possible for the restaurant businesses to reduce the cost of operating and create higher levels of consumer service and consequently enhance the consumer experiences. The use of new technologies, robots and electronic gadgets for operating the manual equipment used for cooking food and disturbing food in the restaurants has become a high

Blog Post for Publishing Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Blog Post for Publishing - Article Example China deems to reunite with Taiwan, as Canada wishes Quebec remains intact in the Canadian territory. Between Canada and China however, what is different is the approach that each country is using to achieve the goal of reunification. Most aspects of the differences in approach are seen from a bilingualism and multiculturalism perspective. From the position of China, there is much absence of support for reunification with Taiwan. This notwithstanding, China wants to make the reunification happen. In the light of this, China’s approach is seen by many as a mere invasion of Taiwan. As support for reunification continues to decline and the PRC moves to reclaim Taiwan, Taiwan looks to the US for protection against an invasion by the PRC. The US continues its arms sales to Taiwan as a deterrent to force China to come to a peaceful resolution with Taiwan. Canada’s approach is quite different and so nothing like invasion is suspected. In the context of Quebec’s secession, much of the issue that Canada is troubled with deals with identity, language and culture. While China remains threatened by the US militarily, Canada is threatened in terms of identity, language and culture. This is because should Quebec secede, there is the threat that part of Anglophone Canada may choose to unite with the US as well. Once this happens, the national identity of the people of Quebec will be totally deferred from Canada to America. The French section of Canada will also be excessively strengthened as against the English. What is more, there will be a cultural diversion towards America. From this sense, there is something that Canada can also learn from China when it comes to the defense of its cultural heritage. In the case of China, the country sees the dominance of its cultural heritage within the Asian block as an important determining factor in gaining worldwide recognition in the new world order. It is for this that China wants the numbers from Taiwan

The Stele of Hammurabi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Stele of Hammurabi - Essay Example It is evident from the study that the Stele of Hammurabi made by the Babylonians is comparable to a constitution, which acts as supreme document that states how a country is governed. As a constitution is printed and copies handed to the public to familiarize with the provisions therein, he made the sculpture and set it at a public place so that everyone could see. This means that if you go against the law, then it is out of ignorance, and therefore deserves punishment. The engravers did not anticipate the artistic value of the sculpture content, their minds were fixated on the functional aspect of the writings therein, Stele analysis ended on the content of the law stated. It was not set in the open as a statue or symbol representing individuals or objects, but was placed openly so the public can read it and internalize the laws. In the excerpt from The Philosophy of Art History by Arnold Hauser, the window is given two values; first, it is an opening that connects the person inside an enclosure to the outside environment. Others people will look at it and appreciate the artistic value it expresses, from the pane design, types of glasses used, and quality of work employed in the frame. Artwork then acts as an intermediary between persons and experiences, which differ in kind and intensity. The transparent window acts as an opening to the rest of the world, artists can then continue staring at windows when appreciating its designs, but their true function remains giving an outside view. Babylonians used the Stele of Hammurabi as a template for engraving judgements, in the present time; a constitution is typed in a computer and printed. They then use different designs of paper and ink to give it the official look. The sculpture was not appreciated artistically, they could not notice the fine Hammurabi carvings, and the well arranged engraved law statements. The context of Stele of Hammurabi The setting in time was 18th Century BC, during King Hammurabi’s 42 year rule of Babylon. Soon after getting into power, he consolidated his army and took them to battle with neighbouring rival forces. He stretched Babylonian borders from Tigris, to Persian Gulf in the south. He was also credited with introducing order to commercial transactions for example, law of contracts which protected the rights of both parties when they enter into a contract of any form. The Code of Hammurabi was

Physics And Structure Motor Starter Engineering Essay

Physics And Structure Motor Starter Engineering Essay A motor starter, also known as starting motor and starter, is an electric motor that rotates the internal combustion engine and causes it to power up. The motor starter is made up of a powerful DC electric motor and a starter solenoid (electric switch) and requires a very high current in order to turn over the engine and start it. In the car, the motor starter begins when the key is put into the ignition and turned to the start position. At this point, the battery voltage goes through the starter control circuit and activates the starter solenoid. This process provides energy to the motor starter so that it can turn over the engine. The motor starter is made up of ground, or negative, cables that connect the battery terminal to the engine block and positive cables that connect the battery terminal to the starter solenoid. The starter solenoid acts to close the circuit and connect the starter motor to the battery. Full voltage motor starters are sometime also referred to as direct on line motor starters. Full voltage motor starters are most widely used and result in a high current. This current can range anywhere between 400 percent to 1,000 percent of a full load current, according to schneider-electric.be. Full voltage motor starters also provide a high starting torque (about 150 percent of the full load torque). Torque (also known as moment of force) is tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis or a pivot point. It is a very important concept in engineering because it essentially refers to the measure of the resulting moment. Reduced voltage motor starters decrease the full load current at the motor terminals in proportion to the voltage reduction. Furthermore, the full load torque of the motor is reduced by the square of the voltage reduction. These are used on machines that require a gentle start and smooth acceleration, according to electricmotors.machinedesign.com. They are also used in compounds that are limited by voltage regulations, such as power companies. Multi-Speed Multi-speed motor starters are divided into multiple categories. Starters for separate winding two speed motors consist of two standard three-pole starter units. A pole is the number of conduction positions that belong to that switch. These units are interlocked both electrically and mechanically. According to electricmotors.machinedesign.com, additional units may also be used for each speed. Starters for three-speed motors are three-pole and starters for four-speed motors have two sets of three- to five-pole starters. MOTOR STARTER COMPONENTS Every internal combustion engine in a car built after 1940 has a starter motor. This is simply an electric motor attached at the junction between the engine and the transmission by a special housing. The housing allows the motor to protrude into the space just enough to engage the flywheel on the back of the engine and turn it until the combustion process begins. Starters are made just like any other heavy-duty electric motor, but with a few additions. Armature The armature is the heart of an electric motor. It rides on the central shaft, which also contains the commutator in bearings front and rear. The armature runs in the field created by the coils and is essentially a moving magnet when the coils are energized. Commutator The commutator is a section of the shaft at the rear of the starter housing on which the brushes run to conduct electricity.The brushes are two pieces of carbon attached to wires. These wires are connected to the battery through the starter switch. When the switch is thrown, they conduct electricity to the coils and armature causing the starter to spin. Bendix The Bendix drive is a unique combination of a spring and a gear. When the starter is engaged, the gear extends into the housing on the front of the unit, engages the flywheel and spins the engine to begin the combustion process. The Bendix is sometimes activated by a solenoid and a wishbone-shaped lever, depending on manufacturer. How Motor Starters Work Starter motors come in either standard, high-torque or gear reduction models. The primary purpose is to turn the engine over in order for ignition to commence and the engine to start. The starter will always need to engage the flywheel on the rear of the engine in order to turn the engine. The flywheel is a large wheel with teeth around the circumference and is attached to the rear of the crankshaft. Generally the starter will be installed on either bottom-side of the engine with the gear end facing rearward toward the flywheel. Some vehicles have the starter attached to the top rear of the engine under the intake manifold. The starter is an electric, high-torque motor with a gear that rides on a spiracle shaft on the end. This spiracle shaft is called the bendix. When the starter motor is activated, the gear on the shaft spins at a high speed and the spiracle shaft causes the gear to wind its way up the shaft extending it out to engage with the flywheel. When the starter is deactiva ted, a spring pulls the bendix back in toward the starter, disengaging it from the flywheel. The wiring for a starter is consistent with most all vehicles with the exception of the security system intervention. The main power for the starter motor runs directly from the battery or battery source to the top post of the solenoid on the starter. In some cases the starter will have a separate solenoid located on the fender well. The solenoid is just a remotely activated switch to turn the starter on and off. If it is a remote solenoid on the fender well there will be two large terminalsone on each side of the solenoidand two small terminals in the center of the solenoid.The large diameter power wire from the battery is attached to one of the large terminals and the other large terminal goes to the starter. The small terminals are marked S and I. The S terminal is for a wire from the ignition switch that is activated when the key is turned to the start position. When this terminal is act ivated, the solenoid closes the circuit to the starter and activates it. When the key is released, the circuit is open and disengages the starter. The same thing applies with a starter-mounted solenoid. Electric starter The electric starter has wide range applications. The main components of Electric starter is: Main Housing (yoke) Overrunning clutch Armature Field coils Brushes Solenoid The modern starter motor is either a permanent-magnet or a series-parallel wound direct current electric motor with a solenoid switch (similar to a relay) mounted on it. When current from the starting battery is applied to the solenoid, usually through a key-operated switch, it pushes out the drive pinion on the starter driveshaft and meshes the pinion with the ring gear on the flywheel of the engine. Before the advent of key-driven starters, most electric starters were actuated by foot-pressing a pedestal located on the floor, generally above the accelerator pedal. The solenoid also closes high-current contacts for the starter motor, which begins to turn. Once the engine starts, the key-operated switch is opened, a spring in the solenoid assembly pulls the pinion gear away from the ring gear, and the starter motor stops. The starters pinion is clutched to its driveshaft through an overrunning sprag clutch which permits the pinion to transmit drive in only one direction. In this manner, drive is transmitted through the pinion to the flywheel ring gear, but if the pinion remains engaged (as for example because the operator fails to release the key as soon as the engine starts), the pinion will spin independently of its driveshaft. This prevents the engine driving the starter, for such backdrive would cause the starter to spin so fast as to fly apart. However, this sprag clutch arrangement would preclude the use of the starter as a generator if employed in hybrid scheme mentioned above; unless modifications are made. Also, a standard starter motor is only designed for intermittent use which would preclude its use as a generator. This overrunning-clutch pinion arrangement was phased into use beginning in the early 1960s; before that time, a Bendix drive was used. The Bendix system places the starter drive pinion on a helically-cut driveshaft. When the starter motor begins turning, the inertia of the drive pinion assembly causes it to ride forward on the helix and thus engage with the ring gear. When the engine starts, backdrive from the ring gear causes the drive pinion to exceed the rotative speed of the starter, at which point the drive pinion is forced back down the helical shaft and thus out of mesh with the ring gear. Manual Motor Starters Manual motor starters are simply manual switches designed to control larger current loads typical of motor control. They may be small and similar to the light switches in your home, or they may be much larger dedicated switches designed for control of high amperage circuits. These motor starters may be either Single Pole (switch one line only) or Double/Triple Pole devices (switch 2/3 lines). When a Double/Triple Pole manual motor starter is turned off, the power from the power cable is completely disconnected from the motor. Manual motor starters may also be equipped with matched heaters, which are overload protectors designed to open when the current load is too high. These heaters must be properly sized to the motor they are protecting or else they will either open too soon, or will not protect the motor. The disadvantage to manual motor controls is that they cannot have remotely located On and Off controls. Magnetic Motor Starters Magnetic Motor starters are essentially heavy duty relays, often equipped with heater/thermal overloads matched to the motor they start. They are then controlled using a lighter duty (low or high voltage) circuit, auxillary relay contacts and a control station (or several stations) utilizing lighter duty switches (usually momentary sometimes latching). These switches would not be capable of switching the large loads required by the motors. Because the control circuitry is separate from the Load circuit, the On/Off controls can be mounted remotely and can even be duplicated if desired. This type of motor starter will usually have an auxiliary contact switch: a smaller set of contacts that opens or closes along with the motion of the main contactors. These contacts will be used to latch the system in an on condition. Latching means that the auxiliary contact bypasses the ON button so the solenoid remains energized, until a separate OFF button cuts the power. Additional contacts (NO NC ) may also be provided and may be used for auxiliary circuits or to provide feedback to the rest of the system that the starter is engaged and the motor has power. Some older style motor starters have built-in latching. These starters have four terminals labeled 3, P, E, and C (historical leftovers from older models). The E and C terminals are for the hot and neutral wires, respectively, and remain powered. When power is applied to 3 and P at the same time, the starter will engage until power is removed from P. Power can be removed from 3 at any time without affecting operation. How Do AC Motor Starters Work? Electric Motors AC (alternating current) motor starters are used on electric motors that utilize a start and stop button or switch for the operation. Safety switches can also be employed in the low-voltage circuit that controls the power to the AC motor starter. AC motor starters are also used on large motors in which the electrical power requirements are so large that it would be unsafe to operate a single switch to turn the motor on. The motor starter can also be located at a great distance from the electric motor, so remote or automatic operation of the motor is made possible. The AC motor starter generally has three main components, the pull-in coil, the electrical contacts and the overcurrent protection. The Pull-In Coil All motor starters have an electrically wound coil made up of many strands of insulated wire. These wires are insulated from each other by a thin layer of varnish. The varnish keeps the electrical power from shorting against the individual wires that make up the pull-in coil. The coil is wound around a plastic form that allows a metal plunger to be pulled in or out as electrical power is applied to the coil. The metal plunger fits just inside the plastic form. When power is applied to the coil, the plunger is electrically engaged. When power is shut off from the coil, the plunger is disengaged. During the engagement of the coil and plunger, the electrical contacts touch each other. Electrical Contacts Attached directly or through a lever, the electrical contacts move in accordance with the plunger. These contacts are electrically connected to the motor and the power feed of the motor circuit. The contacts work in such a way that, regardless of the number of contact points, they all come together in the same moment of time. On the other hand, when power is released from the coil/plunger arrangement, the electrical power is withdrawn from all the contacts at the same moment. This ensures that no damage can occur to the electric motor or device that is being controlled by the motor starter. The electrical contacts can come in many sizes that range from a pencil eraser end (3/16 inch) to one inch in diameter. Generally, the more power that needs to be conducted, the larger the physical contact is. Overcurrent Protection Generally, built into all AC motor starters is an overcurrent protection device. This device monitors the overall amount of power that the motor is using while under operation. Usually a bi-metallic strip that will bend when overheated, the overcurrent protection will disrupt power to the coil and shut down the AC motor starter. Without the overcurrent protection, the AC motor starter could continually run if the motor becomes damaged and destroy the equipment that the motor is driving. PHYSICS BEHIND MOTOR STARTERS Electric motors operate on electromagnetic induction principle. It takes a few fractions of seconds for the windings of the electric motor to get energized and produce the electromagnetic induction. Till such time, the load to the electric supply is just the resistance of the windings and hence the initial rush of current will be high. In such circumstances it is not advisable to mechanically connect the supply to the motor. Further, for any defects in the electric motor circuit, more than the rated current might flow through the windings and thereby damage them. Description of a Electric Motor Starter: The above diagram shows a electric motor starter and its connections. The electric motor starter consists of a relay type contactor C, a thermal over load O and a set of on/off switch   buttons. The on switch is normally open and the off switch is normally closed. The above arrangement is for a single phase operation but the concept is same for 3 phase operation as well. Function of a Electric Motor Starter: Refer to the same diagram. When the on switch button is pressed, the supply is given to the relay coil of the contactor and the coil gets energized. The coil, due to electromagnetic effect operates the spring loaded plunger to make the contacts with the terminals on both ends of the contactor so that the supply is given to the motor. The motor starts running.  At this condition, even if the on switch button is released, the coil continues to get the supply from the load side of the contactor through the off switch and thus the relay continues to hold the contacts. The supply to the relay coil is given in series with a thermal overload relay. This relay opens out and breaks the supply to the motor in case the current drawn by the motor exceeds the rated current. If the off button is pressed, the supply to the coil is cut off and the plunger opens out to break the supply. Since the load side terminals have no supply now, the relay does not get the supply even if the off switch is rel eased. To restart the motor you need to once again press the on switch button.

Hunter S. Tompson and Gonzo Journalism Essay -- Gonzo Journalism Argum

Hunter S. Tompson and Gonzo Journalism In the late sixties a young journalist and free-lance novelist named Hunter S. Thompson (HST) emerged with a new, crazed and exaggerated brand of reporting. It was sooner or later referred to as â€Å"Gonzo†. HST’s own definition of gonzo has varied over the years, but he still maintains that a good gonzo journalist â€Å"needs the talent of a master journalist, the eye of an artist/photographer and the heavy balls of an actor† and that gonzo is a â€Å"style of reporting based on William Faulkner’s idea that the best fiction is far more true than any kind of journalism†(Carroll, page 192). Gonzo journalism has also been referred to as outlaw journalism, new journalism, alternative journalism, literary cubism, and other words better not repeated here. With such high profile stages for his writings in Rolling Stone Magazine, The San Francisco Chronicle, Esquire and Vanity Fair, HST has proven that his exaggerated gonzo journalism is as relevan t (or even more so) than that of conventional journalists. In this essay, the concept and development of gonzo journalism and its relevance to media and reporting will be thoroughly explored. Dr Hunter S. Thompson is a man of great wit and charisma. He is 6’2† tall, and, due to the fact that one leg is longer than the other, he tends to bob back and forth. He is apparently always thirsty, and his favorite drinks are known to be Wild Turkey and Chivas Regal. Besides being a writer and failed politician, HST is also a collector of peacocks and guns. HST is also happily divorced with one son, Juan. Dr Thompson’s journalism career began in the daily columns of small town newspapers, but because of differences in personality, opinion and style, he did... ...elevant as any other anchorman’s daily news report. Bibliography Carrol, Jean E. Hunter: The Strange and Savage life of Hunter S. Thompson. New York: Plume, 1993 Thompson, Hunter S. The Great Shark Hunt. New York: Fawcett Popular Library, 1980 Thompson, Hunter S. Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream. New York: Vintage Books, July 1989 Thompson, Hunter S. Songs of the Doomed: More Notes on the Death of the American Dream. New York: Summit, 1990 Thompson, Hunter S. Better Than Sex: Confessions of a Political Junkie. New York: Ballantine, 1994 Thompson, Hunter S. Generation Swine: Tales of Shame and Degradation in the ‘80’s. New York: Summit, 1988 Thompson, Hunter S. The Curse of Lono. New York: Bantam, 1983 Wolfe, Tom: The New Journalism. New York: Harper & Row, 1973

Human Life And World Essay -- Philosophy Emotions Papers

Human Life And World I dispute the claim that the disclosure of the life-world by phenomenology is an accomplishment of 'permanent' significance. By briefly reviewing the meaning of the "world" and "life-world" in the writings of Husserl, Gurwitsch, Schutz-Luckmann, Ortega, Heidegger, Jonas, Straus, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty, I show that they all treat the world, or rather the affairs which comprise it, as passively present whether viewed as a mental acquisition or as the "Other." But the meaning of the world-as that wherein are met physical demands upon us which must be satisfied if we are to continue living-cannot be considered either as a mental acquisition or as something that is "other" and over against us. A living being as living cannot fail to attend to the agency of the affairs of which the life-world consists, as well as one's own exploring and coping actions. If we are to really speak of life, then we must acknowledge the mutual and reciprocal activities of living beings and world. Gurwitsch has written that "the disclosure of the life-world [by phenomenology is] an accomplishment of permanent significance." (1974, 12) But is such a claim justifiable? I believe it is not. I shall briefly examine first the way transcendental and then existential phenomenologists understand the meaning of "world" or "life-world" and how the "world" is to be experienced as such, and I shall critique the views of each in turn. The appropriate philosopher with which to begin an examination of any major phenomenological theme is most certainly Husserl. We as objects and subjects find ourselves in our conscious activities in a pre-given world existing for all in common according to Husserl. This world, always already there, is the univ... ...ng beings and world. References Dewey, John, Reconstruction in Philosophy, Boston, 1957. Dubos, Rene, The Torch of Life, New York, 1962. Gurwitsch, Aron, Studies in Phenomenology and Psychology, Evanston, 1966. Gurwitsch, Aron, Phenomenology and the Theory of Science, Evanston, 1974. Husserl, Edmund, Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology, Evanston, 1970. Jonas, Hans, The Phenomenon of Life, New York, 1966. Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, Phenomenology of Perception, London, 1962. Ortega y Gasset, Jose, Phenomenology and Art, New York, 1975. Schutz, Alfred, and Luckmann, Thomas, Structures of the Life-World, 2 vols., Evanston, 1973 and 1989. Shotter, John, Social Accountability and Selfhood, Oxford, 1984. Straus, Erwin, "Aesthesiology and Hallucinations," in Existence, ed. by May, Angel, Ellenberger, New York, 1958.

Jungian Analytical Psychology and the Process on Individuation

The process on individuation is central to Jungian analytical psychology, as Jung believed that individuation is the driving force behind humans’ â€Å"yearning for completeness within the human experience, and the search for wholeness† (Russell, & Ryback, 1996, p. 2) in their life-long conquest to achieve a distinctive but coherent and balanced personality.Besides the genetics and the psychosocial environment, Jung believed that a third force influences the dynamic formation of human individuality and that is the ‘collective memory’ of previous civilizations, memory stored and available to humans, in the ‘collective unconscious’ (Munteanu, 2012; Douglas, 2011). While hard to prove scientifically, quantum physics does not refute this concept (Science Channel, 2011; Munro, 2011).As a therapist, I believe that I should be the open-minded guide and facilitator of client’s individualized explorations and life experiences, supporting clientâ €™s pursuit of holistic self-realization; guiding client’s exploration of his/her archetypes, the attitudinal type and the preferential decision making mode, would facilitate client’s understanding of own psychic energy flow, and would empower the client to address and develop his/her unconscious/conscious balance, advancing the individuation process (Munteanu, 2012; AtheneWins, 2011; Russell, & Ryback, 1996).The counselling methods I would use to sustain this process, while client centred, would also need to be very creative and interactive on my part, as the counsellor; I would be making use of a variety of strategies within an environment of customised but constantly challenging and supportive at the same time.I would need to maintain myself on an perpetual self-development and self-reflection ‘carousel’, in order to ensure that I continuously upgrade my skills to the levels required to provide that balance of challenge and support, to all of my cli ents; within my practice, I would use a variety of methods, such as instructional interventions, questioning, clarifying, hypothesising, silences if/as required (to allow the process of assimilation and internalisation), dream interpretation or sequential drawings, journaling, art and sand therapies (especially for clients who have difficulties verbalising feelings), mandalas, mask making, etc.I could see how my teaching experience will serve me well in Jungian counselling, since I already use many of these methods, to provide personalised learning, to my students. I have always thought of myself as ‘work in progress’, and therefore I learn something new every day from my students; hence, learning from and alongside my clients I see it as a continuation of my own holistic individuation (Dehing, 1992; Russell, & Ryback, 1996).

Internal and External Forces and Change Essay

Within the business world, there are different theories of effective change implementation. The corporation this research focuses on is Duke University Children’s Hospital, which is highlighted in the textbook. The topic of the research paper will focus on the process of implementing change within the hospital. Implementing change within organizations is very relevant to this course. Not only is the course called Leading Organization Change, but the topics we have been focusing on revolve around methods of implementing change. With changes, organizations need to take steps to fully plan the change in order to ensure a smooth transition and acceptance (Spector, 2013). Research will show how Duke University Children’s Hospital assessed the internal and external forces that impacted the change and how they assessed if the organization was ready for change. Also, research will show what model and strategies were used during the organizational change along with an analysis o f whether resistance to the change occurred and if so, how it was dealt with. Finally, I will strategize how to handle leading group changes within a similar context. Often times, financial crises spurs change in organizations. This was the case for Duke University Children’s Hospital. An assessment was made by the key administrators that showed how dire their financial situation truly was due to various reasons. This resulted in the pending elimination of programs and reduced services. Additionally, sales productivity had dramatically fallen as well as patient and staff satisfaction reaching its lowest point. These negative factors caused the hospital to make an assessment that they were ready for change. Change was the only thing that would keep their doors open to the public and Meliones knew that once people understood the situation more fully, change would be a goal on all of the staff’s minds. The first step Meliones took was to diagnose what the root causes of the financial crisis was with the staff (Spector, 2013). By creating a sense of urgency around the need for change to a wide variety of staff members, the change impleme ntation process started out on the right path (Russell, 2013). One problem they immediately noticed was that each group of employees (accountants, administrators, clinicians, etc.) was working towards individual goals instead of understanding what the goals of the organization were. This assessment of internal forces that could impact  the change led the staff to understand that it was essential to create a sense of shared responsibility for the organization’s performance as well as changing the previous patterns of behavior. The hospital’s chief medical director, Jon Meliones, realized that these problems could not be addressed by the chief executive officer and chief operation officer alone. These problems needed the combined efforts of all administrators and clinicians in order to successfully come out of the negative place they found themselves in. Meliones, the chief nurse executive, and the nurse managers decided on a tactic that brought together the connection between financial performance and excellence of the health care provided to patients. Under their planned strategic renewal, both financial performance and excellent patient care would be dual focuses. During the shared diagnosis stage, the wide spectrum of employees was educated in the external forces their hospital was up against financially. They realized that because the external forces would most likely not change, changes needed to be made primarily internally (Spector, 2013). Next, implementation moved to the pediatric intensive care unit. It was crucial that new behaviors became operationalized by the redesign of roles, relationships, and responsibilities. The team was able to redesign how every member (doctors, nurses, medical staff, accountants, etc.) would perform their tasks. This redesign was done alongside the members in order to get input. There was a decision to use the balanced scorecard measurement tool once they got to the stage where measurements could be utilized. This measurement tool utilized measurements of many things such as customer satisfaction, financial outcomes, processes of the business internally, and the learning/growing abilities of the organization. These measurements were done in hopes to aide in the reinforcement of all new behaviors that were expected. Because of these new tactics, within three years, the hospital began making a profit again (Spector, 2013). What was crucial to the success of Meliones and his team was the sequence they chose to take during the intervention. First, Meliones kept the staff involved by facilitating a shared diagnosis process which helped find the root of the hospital’s financial issues. The process of unfreezing is  important because this is when group members become dissatisfied with current performance or situations. Because Meliones used this approach instead of lecturing the employees on how to change, the employees were given the opportunity to learn and they felt more involved. This allowed the process of formulating an appropriate response to the issues be a group effort as opposed to Meliones coming up with a plan on his own that may have been resisted. The way to overcome defensiveness, when employees resist change, is to get broad-based participation. The shared diagnosis approach surfaced the connection between their financial performance versus behavior patterns and brought agreement am ong employees about what needs to change. Of course, Meliones could have chosen the approach of presenting to the employees all that was wrong and what the new plan would be, including the balanced scorecard. This would have made the unfreezing stage nearly impossible to accomplish if this approach had been taken. Second, he formulated a cross-functional team made of many different positions. This team had a goal to decide the best way to provide excellent customer service for their patients as well as perform well financially. By using the approach of task alignment, Meliones spurred the organization to focus not only on how the staff could work better together, but a dual focus on excellent patient care and financial performance. It was crucial at this stage to get employees to understand how their roles must interact and rely on other roles within the hospital to be successful. This involved educating all employees about the organization as a whole to give everyone a broad perspective and understanding. Third, Meliones began implementing the changes needed specifically in the pediatric intensive care unit. Fourth, every unit member had a redesign of roles, relationships, and responsibi lities. The last step involved using the balanced scorecard system to reinforce the new behaviors within the organization. This sequence was done for each unit within the organization and as a result, the hospital completely changed their downward trajectory within three years (Spector, 2013). After seeing the success that Duke Children’s Hospital experienced in their strategies, I would take the same approach if I were expected to lead group change in a similar situation. Within the process of shared diagnosis, a  shared commitment to the ideas and action plans is incredibly valuable. When people come together, they stimulate, motivate, and inspire each other to bring forward the best ideas (Fullan, 2001). By involving many employees in the process, the positive effect is that they naturally will have a clear understanding of how the necessary changes will actually benefit the organization (Nguyen, 2010). References Fullan, M. (2001). Leading in a culture of change (1st ed.). San Francisco, California: Jossey-Bass. Nguyen, S. (2010). Implementing change and overcoming resistance. Workplace Psychology. Retrieved from http://workplacepsychology.net/2010/02/05/implementing-change-and-overcoming-resistance/ Russell, J. (2013). How to create change in the workplace. The Washington Post. Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/capitalbusiness/how-to-create-change-in-the-workplace/2013/11/27/9d62f8de-5548-11e3-835d-e7173847c7cc_story.html Spector, B. (2013). Implementing organizational change (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.